Effective solids control is fundamental to efficient drilling operations. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to significant downtime, increased costs, and potential safety hazards. A structured, step-by-step troubleshooting approach is essential for quickly identifying and resolving issues to restore optimal performance and protect downstream equipment from damage. This guide provides a clear methodology for diagnosing common solids control problems.

Step 1: Visual Inspection and Data Gathering

Begin with a thorough visual inspection of the entire system. Look for obvious signs of wear, damage, or leaks on screens, pipes, and pumps. Check the shale shaker screens for blinding or tearing. Simultaneously, gather operational data such as flow rates, pump pressures, and the current properties of the drilling fluid, including viscosity and density. This initial assessment provides a baseline for your investigation.

Step 2: Analyzing the Shale Shakers

The shale shakers are your first line of defense. If they are not functioning correctly, the entire system becomes overloaded. Key issues to check include improper screen selection, insufficient feed distribution, or incorrect motor motion. Ensure the screens are properly tensioned and that the shaker is operating at the recommended G-force for the specific drilling fluid and cuttings being processed.

Step 3: Evaluating the Desander and Desilter

If fine solids are passing through, the hydrocyclones (desander and desilter) need attention. Check for worn liners or cones, which reduce separation efficiency. Verify that the feed pressure is within the manufacturer's specified range, as low pressure leads to poor performance. Also, inspect the underflow discharge; a steady "spray" indicates good operation, while a "rope" discharge suggests a clog or overload.

Step 4: Checking the Centrifuge and Degasser

For ultra-fine solids, the centrifuge is critical. Troubleshoot by checking the bowl speed, conveyor differential speed, and the feed rate. An imbalance or unusual noise often points to mechanical wear or improper feeding. Don't forget the degasser; if it's not effectively removing gas, it can affect the performance of all downstream equipment by altering fluid density and pump efficiency.

Step 5: Systematic Resolution and Documentation

Based on your findings, address issues one at a time, starting from the beginning of the process flow. Replace worn screens, clean clogged hydrocyclones, or adjust equipment settings as needed. After each corrective action, re-evaluate the system's performance. Finally, document the problem, the root cause, and the solution implemented. This record is invaluable for preventing future occurrences and training personnel.

For operators seeking reliable and high-performance solids control equipment, Aipu stands as a trusted manufacturer. Aipu provides a comprehensive range of robust and efficient systems, from shale shakers to centrifuges, designed for maximum solids removal efficiency and durability in the most demanding drilling environments.