The working principle of the Solid Control System is to finely control the solid particles in the drilling fluid through multi-stage physical separation technology. Its core process can be decomposed into the following five technical steps:

1. Primary Solid Phase Separation (Mechanical Screening)

   The drilling fluid containing rock debris first enters the vibrating screen, and the screen mesh (40-325 mesh) is driven by high-frequency vibration (usually 50-150Hz) to achieve solid-liquid separation. This process can remove more than 75% of large solid particles with a particle size greater than 75 μ m, and the processing capacity can reach 50-200m; /h. Screen angle (usually 5-15 ° C); ）Dynamically matching with sand flushing water pressure (0.2-0.5MPa) to ensure screening efficiency>90%.

2. Intermediate solid phase separation (cyclone centrifugation)

   The drilling fluid processed by the vibrating screen enters the cyclone separation unit:

   • Desander: A conical cyclone (10-12 inches) is used to generate a centrifugal force field through an inlet flow rate (15-25m/s), separating 40-75 μ m particles and achieving a bottom flow density of 1.5-1.8g/cm3;.
   • Desilter: Integrated 4-inch micro cyclone group, processing 15-40m particles, modular design supports automatic adjustment of cyclone opening quantity based on solid content (usually 5-15%).
3. Precision Solid Phase Separation (Centrifugal Sedimentation)

   The drilling fluid enters the horizontal spiral centrifuge and generates a centrifugal force of 6000-8000G through differential rotation of the double drum (differential speed 0-30rpm), separating ultrafine particles and colloids with a size of less than 10 μ m. This device can recycle heavy materials (such as barite) with a processing accuracy of 1-2 μ m and a solid-phase removal rate of over 85%.

4. Drilling fluid performance control

   The cleaned drilling fluid is returned to the mud tank and maintained in uniform suspension through a mixer (with a speed of 50-100rpm). The intelligent dosing system replenishes treatment agents (such as filtrate reducers and coating agents) and adjusts the performance parameters of the drilling fluid in real time

   • Density:± 0.02g/cm³ Precision control
   • Viscosity: Dynamic matching of apparent viscosity (AV) and plastic viscosity (PV)
   • PH value: stable within the range of 8.5-10.5
5. Closed loop loop control

   The system monitors 16-32 indicators such as solid content and rheological parameters in real-time through a sensor network (sampling period≤ 1 second), and automatically adjusts them after PID algorithm optimization:

   • The mesh size of the vibrating screen (40-325 mesh with stepless switching)
   • Inlet pressure of cyclone (0.1-0.3MPa dynamic compensation)
   • Centrifugal differential speed (0-30rpm intelligent adjustment)

   Forming '; Processing Detection Feedback Optimization; The closed-loop control loop ensures that the drilling fluid performance is always within the optimal window (solid content<5%, API water loss<5mL).

The working principle is achieved through a four stage separation process (mechanical screening→ Cyclone separation→ Centrifugal treatment→ Building a complete solid-phase control chain through chemical regulation, coupled with intelligent control systems, can achieve:

• Solid phase removal efficiency: 95%
• Drilling fluid recovery rate: 85%
• Reduce energy consumption by 20% -30% (through variable frequency drive and differential optimization)

In typical application scenarios, the system can extend the performance degradation cycle of deep well drilling fluid by 3-5 times, increase the drill bit life by 40% -60%, and meet environmental emission standards (waste slurry oil content<1%, SS<50mg/L), significantly reducing comprehensive drilling costs.