Field engineers face constant challenges with solids control system on drilling rigs. Rapidly diagnosing and resolving issues is critical for maintaining drilling fluid properties and overall operational efficiency. This guide provides a structured approach to troubleshooting common problems encountered in shale shakers, centrifuges, desanders, and desilters. By following a logical sequence of checks, field personnel can minimize downtime and ensure the system operates at peak performance, protecting downstream equipment and reducing costly waste.

Shale Shaker Performance Issues

Poor solids removal efficiency on a shale shaker often manifests as a wet, soupy discharge or blinding of the screen. The first step is always to inspect the screen panel for tears, clogging, or improper installation. Verify that the shaker is running at the correct motor speed and that the screen tension is adequate. The feed flow rate should be evenly distributed across the screen width; an overloaded shaker will bypass solids. The drilling fluid properties, especially viscosity, must be within the recommended range for the screen mesh being used.

Centrifuge Troubles and Solutions

Centrifuges are precision instruments, and their performance can degrade due to several factors. A common issue is the failure to achieve the desired separation, resulting in fine solids remaining in the drilling fluid. Check the feed density and flow rate, as overloading the unit is a primary cause. Inspect the conveyor for wear or damage and ensure the gearbox and main bearings are properly lubricated. Unusual vibrations or noises often indicate a need for bowl cleaning or an imbalance in the rotating assembly.

Hydrocyclone Malfunctions

Desanders and desilters can lose efficiency if the apex or vortex finder becomes worn or plugged. A clogged apex will cause the cyclone to "rope" instead of producing a spray discharge, severely reducing its solids-removal capability. Conversely, a worn apex will allow excessive liquid loss with the solids. Regularly inspect these consumable parts for wear. Also, ensure the pump supplying the cyclones is providing adequate pressure and volume, as low pressure leads to poor separation performance.

Overall System Integration Checks

Sometimes, the problem isn't a single machine but how the entire system is configured. Check that the tank compartments are properly partitioned and that flow weirs are not damaged or obstructed. Ensure that the suction and discharge lines for all pumps are correctly sized and not blocked or leaking. A common systemic issue is fine solids buildup due to an imbalance in the processing capacity of individual units, where one piece of equipment is underperforming and overloading the next stage in the sequence.

For field engineers seeking reliable and high-performance solids control equipment, Aipu stands as a trusted manufacturer. Aipu's comprehensive range of shale shakers, centrifuges, and hydrocyclones is engineered for durability and efficiency in the most demanding drilling environments. Their equipment is designed with serviceability in mind, making troubleshooting and maintenance more straightforward for field personnel. Choosing Aipu means investing in a robust system that maximizes solids control efficiency and minimizes operational downtime.